Volume 2 Number 2, 2024
Preliminary Pages
DC Electrical System of Solar Powered Residential Shanty
Edwin T. Romero, Gregorio A. Eubra
Abstract:
This study developed a DC Electrical System of Solar Powered Residential Shanty as a modified and innovative technological resource for renewable energy awareness. The research designed, constructed, and tested a direct current system that operated with altered loads for household use. The system demonstrated technical simplicity and cost-effectiveness through its inverter-free design and modified low-cost controller circuits. The study employed descriptive and developmental research methods using survey questionnaires, documentary analysis, and interviews. Validation involved 5 experts from electrical technology schools and 25 end-users from 4 barangays in Pandan, Catanduanes. Data analysis using weighted means revealed the system's versatility in different power ratings and its effectiveness as an alternative energy source for domestic appliances, particularly during calamities and power interruptions. Expert validation yielded highly satisfactory ratings across technical capacity, economic viability, environmental soundness, political acceptability, and social acceptability. The system proved successful in construction and implementation, receiving strong acceptance from both expert validators and end-users.
Cite this article:
Romero, E.T., & Eubra, G.A. (2024). DC electrical system of solar powered residential shanty. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 5–12.
Design and Development of SOW-Hy Electric Tricycle
Edwin T. Romero, Ramon S. Idanan, Jefferson E. Urbano
Abstract:
This research accomplished the design, construction, and evaluation of a Solar-Wind Hybrid (SOW-Hy) Electric Tricycle as a sustainable transportation alternative. The tricycle combines innovative features, including solar, wind, and pedal-powered charging systems. The tricycle demonstrated important technical feasibility, economic viability, and environmental sustainability through validating and processing results from user’s survey. The study's results highlight the potential of such hybrid systems to lessen dependence on fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and raise sustainable mobility. Future research will focus on improving the energy storage system and extending the tricycle's functioning range.
Cite this article:
Romero, E.T., Idanan, R.S., & Urbano, J.E. (2024). Design and development of SOW-Hy electric tricycle. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 13–21.
Utilization of Mungbean-Taro Composite Flour in Making Gluten-Free Noodles
Jacqueline A. Quintal, Genelyn Alilly C. San Juan
Abstract:
This study aimed to make gluten-free noodles using locally available crops as non-wheat flour sources, providing accessible noodle options for individuals with gluten intolerance while supporting local agricultural economies. It used a composite mixture incorporating mung bean flour (MBF) and taro flour (TF) in different proportions: 25% MBF: 75% TF, 50% MBF: 50% TF, 75% MBF: 25% TF, and a control with 100% all-purpose flour (APF). Fifteen trained panelists evaluated the quality characteristics of the noodles through quality scoring, while 40 consumers determined the level of acceptability through a 9-point hedonic scale. Increasing the proportion of mung bean flour compared to taro flour in the composite flour mixture resulted in a more pronounced color, aroma, and flavor, while all treatments achieved an “al dente” texture. Noodles with a 75% MBF: 25% TF ratio received the highest mean ratings in terms of color (6.47±0.75), aroma (5.23±1.07), texture (4.27±1.98), and flavor (4.60±1.67). in terms of acceptability, the 100% APF noodles were “liked very much” in terms of color (7.7±1.1), texture (7.9±0.9), and overall liking (7.5±0.8). Although APF noodles received the highest ratings for aroma and flavor, they were rated as “liked moderately” alongside the 50% MBF: 50% TF and 75% MBF: 25% TF noodles. While color acceptability was consistent across treatments, texture ratings significantly favored the APF noodles. The 50% MBF: 50% TF and 75% MBF: 25% TF noodles showed no significant differences from APF noodles in aroma, flavor, and overall liking, suggesting their potential to make noodles without adversely affecting consumer acceptance. Future research should explore additional ingredients and processes, such as other hydrocolloids and starch pre-gelatinization, to enhance the quality and acceptability, particularly of the 50% MBF: 50% TF and 75% MBF: 25% TF noodles.
Cite this article:
Quintal, J.A., & San Juan, G.A.C. (2024). Utilization of Mungbean-Taro composite flour in making gluten-free noodles. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 22–34.
Species Composition and Reproductive Biology of Flying Fish (Exocoetidae) in Southern Catanduanes Island, Philippines
Ma. Cecilia T. Arcilla
Abstract:
Flying fish are extensively fished for food and as baitfish in Southern Catanduanes. This fishery has existed over time and supported the livelihood of municipal fishers in the area. However, no studies have been conducted in order to determine the species of flying fish and its reproductive biology which could be used as basis for its management and conservation. This study was conducted from March to May 2019 and February to June 2020 with the aim of identifying the species of flying fish and determine its reproductive biology. Species of flying fish were identified using morphological characteristics. Five species belonging to two genera (Cheilopogon and Cypselurus) were identified from the fishing ground. For the reproductive biology, gonad samples from Cheilopogon spilopterus were collected on a monthly basis and morphological and histological examinations were conducted. Results showed that the sex ratio of 1 M: 1.2 F is not significantly different from the expected ratio of 1:1 (df = 1; χ2 (0.05) = 3.841). Higher gonadosomatic index (GSI) was observed in March, April and May of both years. During this period, only three developmental stages were observed both morphologically and histologically, namely (1) maturing, (2) mature and (3) spent stages. Different stages of oocyte development were also observed. Mature individuals of this species are found from March to May which coincides with the peak fishing season in the area. Knowledge about the species of flying fish as well as its reproductive biology will aid fisheries managers to device management plan in order to avoid overexploitation and eventual depletion of this resource in the local waters.
Cite this article:
Arcilla, M.C.T. (2024). Species composition and reproductive biology of flying fish (Exocoetidae) in Southern Catanduanes Island, Philippines. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 35–44.
Fungal Pathogens and Handling Practices Associated with Rot Diseases during Display and Storage of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Virac Public Market, Catanduanes, Philippines
Sharmaine C. Biñas
Abstract:
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a globally important crop prized for its starchy tuberous roots. However, it is highly susceptible to rot causing fungal pathogens, particularly due to mechanical damage from poor postharvest handling during storage and market display. This study examined the fungal pathogens associated with rot diseases in sweetpotatoes sold at the Virac Public Market, Catanduanes, Philippines March to July 2023. Sixty-six (66) sweetpotatoes were randomly collected and brought to the laboratory. Putative fungal pathogens were isolated using aseptic techniques, and identified based on their morphological characteristics in PDA cultures and through light microscopy. The most common rot symptoms observed include light to dark brown, circular to irregularly shaped, dry and sunken lesions with or without concentric rings, measured an average of 140 mm with white conspicuous white whiskers-like mycelial growth. Predominant pathogens isolated from the advancing margins were putatively identified as Rhizopus sp. (48.3%), Aspergillus sp. RDS-S02 (18.8%), Aspergillus sp. RDS-S03 (6.25%), Aspergillus sp. RDS-S04 (12.5%), and Fusarium sp. (10.3%). Moreover, eleven (11) vendors from purposively selected stalls were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire to assess the vendors’ handling practices during display and storage of sweetpotato. Despite 100% of the vendor are aware of disease symptoms and crop malformations, proper handling practices, particularly during storage and display, were not consistently observed. Local vendors often neglect proper hygiene, which spreads pathogens and causes damage. They also store tuberous roots in warm, humid conditions inside wooden or plastic crates conducive to growth of rot causing fungal pathogens.
Cite this article:
Biñas, S.C.B. (2024). Fungal pathogens and handling practices associated with rot diseases during display and storage of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Virac Public Market, Catanduanes, Philippines. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 45–57.
Pagsusuri sa Pinagmulan ng Pangalan ng mga Barangay sa Catanduanes
April Grace Lazado-Maca, Josephine R. Tomagan
Abstract:
Pangunahing layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na masuri ang tema at pinagmulan ng mga barangay sa bawat bayan ng Catanduanes. Ang pag-aaral na ito ay gumamit ng kuwali-kuwantitatibong pamamaraan ng pag-aaral. Ginamit ang pagsusuring pangnilalaman sa pagtukoy sa pagbuo ng pangalan ng mga barangay sa Catanduanes. Sinipat ang pagkakabuo ng mga barangay batay sa morpoponemikong pagbabago. Ito ay binigyan ng malalim na pagsusuri at interpretasyon. Samantala, ang kuwantitatibong pamamaraan ay makikita sa pagtukoy sa mga naging tema na nakapaloob sa mga pangalan ng barangay. Nagsagawa rin ng pagsasalin ng mga datos sa kasaysayan ng mga barangay na siyang naging awtput ng pag-aaral at batayan sa pagkakabuo ng glosaryo. Marami ang bilang ng pangalan ng mga barangay na ang pangalan ay nabuo galing o binatay sa mga Santo/Santa na kanilang pinaniniwalaan sa kanilang lugar. Ang mga barangay sa Catanduanes ay ipinangalan o nabuo noong panahon kung kailan nandito pa naninirahan o namumuno ang mga dayuhan isa na dito ang Espanyol. May mga pangalan ng lugar na ibang-iba sa orihinal o una nitong pangalan sa dahilang may mga pagkakataon na mas minabuti ng mga tao na baguhin ang pangalan ng lugar para mas mapadali ang pagbigkas dito o kaya nama’y mas madali itong matandaan. Inirekomenda na ang binuong awtput ng pananaliksik ay maaaring gamitin sa pagtuturo-pagkatuto sa mga paksang ukol sa panitikang lokal, kasaysayan, at panglingguwistikang paksain.
Cite this article:
Lazado-Maca, A.G., & Tomagan, J.R. (2024). Pagsusuri sa pinagmulan ng pangalan ng mga barangay sa Catanduanes. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 58–66.
Gender-Fair Language at Work: Recognition, Attitude, Willingness and Challenges from Government Agencies of Catanduanes
Jimmylen Z. Tonio
Abstract:
As part of the Philippine government's initiative to incorporate women's issues into its plans and initiatives while mainstreaming gender-related activities, the use of gender-fair language in all workplace communications has been advocated. This study investigates the recognition, attitude, willingness, and challenges pertaining to the implementation of gender-fair language within seven government agencies and offices in one of the provinces in the Philippines. Drawing upon the data collected through a Gender-Fair Test and modified ISANL-G questionnaire conducted among 100 government employees, the findings reveal several key insights. First, government personnel exhibit low accuracy in identifying gender-fair language, indicating a need for improved understanding. They also struggle to recognize non-gender fair language, reflecting a lack of awareness of gender biases. Second, employees have an 'undecided' attitude toward gender-fair language, despite moderate willingness to adopt it. Third, challenges include insufficient training, resistance to change, potential misinterpretation, communication issues, cultural influences, and lack of guidelines. To address these challenges, recommended institutional level interventions involve awareness raising, training, and fostering a positive attitude toward inclusive language, online workshops, collaboration with experts, and policy development. These measures aim to promote gender equality and inclusivity within government agencies in Catanduanes.
Cite this article:
Tonio, J.Z. (2024). Gender-fair language at work: Recognition, attitude, willingness and challenges from government agencies of Catanduanes. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 67–81.
Impacts of CatSU Airlinks (Ugnayan sa Himpapawid) to Catanduanes: An Extension Program of Catanduanes State University
Lani A. Ilagan
Abstract:
This study evaluates the impacts of Catanduanes State University’s extension program, CatSU Airlink (Ugnayan sa Himpapawid), a radio initiative serving two municipalities in Catanduanes, as they were only reached by the broadcast at that time. Initially focused on traditional radio broadcasts, CatSU Airlink has evolved to incorporate modern technology, expanding its reach through platforms like Facebook Live. This transition enhances communication and information dissemination, marking a shift toward a contemporary outreach approach. Employing a mixed-methods strategy, the research involved quantitative and qualitative data collection through structured questionnaires and interviews with 100 respondents across ten barangays. Led by the College of Science, particularly the Natural Science Department, the program addresses global environmental issues while emphasizing the interconnectedness of nature. Findings indicate a strong level of effectiveness, with participants demonstrating significant knowledge gains and skill improvements. Attitudes and behaviors were also rated highly effective, reflecting a positive community impact. To sustain and further enhance the program, recommendations include continuous monitoring and evaluation to align the curriculum with community needs and the establishment of regular feedback mechanisms to gather participant insights. In conclusion, this evaluation underscores the effectiveness of the community extension services provided to local residents over five years. By implementing the outlined recommendations, CatSU Airlink can ensure ongoing success and enhance its initiatives, fostering a lasting positive impact on the community.
Cite this article:
Ilagan, L.A. (2024). Impacts of CatSU Airlinks (Ugnayan sa Himpapawid) to Catanduanes: An extension program of Catanduanes State University. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 82–93.
Linguistic Features and Motivations of Code-Switching: A Study of Multilingual Teachers and Students in English Classroom Interactions
Jimmylen Z. Tonio
Abstract:
This study examines the linguistic features and motivations for code-switching among bilingual teachers and students in English classrooms, a phenomenon with significant implications for language learning and pedagogy. Code-switching, the alternation between languages, is particularly relevant in multilingual educational contexts like English classrooms, where it serves as both a communication and instructional strategy. Through audio recordings of classroom interactions, analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods, the study found that intra-sentential code-switching was the most prevalent form used by both teachers and students. Key motivations for code-switching included concept instruction, reiteration for clarity, and facilitating communication. Notably, no significant differences were observed in the linguistic features of code-switching between teachers and students, indicating that age and role did not significantly influence these practices. The findings hold theoretical significance in the current educational context, where fostering bilingual competence is a priority. Code-switching reflects the dynamic interplay of linguistic systems in bilinguals and highlights its pedagogical potential as a scaffold for learning. By using code-switching strategically, educators can bridge linguistic gaps, enhance comprehension, and support learners' cognitive and cultural development. However, these benefits must be weighed against potential drawbacks, such as reduced target language exposure, which may impede language acquisition in the long term. This study underscores the importance of understanding when and how code-switching can be used effectively in language instruction. In the multilingual settings of today’s classrooms, code-switching can serve as an adaptive strategy to balance accessibility and immersion. Future research should delve into its long-term impact on language development and identify best practices for its integration into teaching methodologies. This is especially significant as educators navigate the complexities of multilingual education in a globalized world.
Cite this article:
Tonio, J.Z. (2024). Linguistic features and motivations of code-switching: A study of multilingual teachers and students in English classroom interactions. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 94–105.
Exploring Gender Identity Discovery and Expression Through Art Among Filipino Youth
Patricia May O. dela Cueva, Inero V. Ancho, Helga P. Vergara, Eric Paul D. Peralta, Daisy Pelegrina
Abstract:
Gender identity remains to be a concept that is mostly seen as linear to one's sex, gender, gender expression, and gender roles, especially in the Philippine context which greatly affects not only the welfare of individuals with nonconforming gender identities but also the relationships formed by them. This study mainly aimed to explore gender identity discovery in a more positive outlook, how it affected their relationships within their environment, while also incorporating art and how it could be a creative outlet for expressing their emotions and advocacies. A phenomenological approach was employed which enabled the researcher to gather the lived experiences of nine (9) college students from a state university in Los Banos through a face-to-face interview. Utilizing thematic analysis in this study indicated how the participants have expressed a more positive feeling and mindset towards themselves and others after discovering their gender identity. The results also showed how most of the environments in which the participants chose to disclose their gender identity have made a greater impact on their confidence which motivated them even more to explore their identity. Despite these positive feelings and impacts, those negative experiences can never be left behind in order to create such strong and confident individuals. The results also showed how art is seen as a powerful tool of self-expression yet still a weak but flourishing tool when it comes to making a change in such a heteronormative society as the Philippines.
Cite this article:
Dela Cueva, P.M.O., Ancho, I.V., Vergara, H.P., Peralta, E.P.D., & Pelegrina, D. (2024). Exploring gender identity discovery and expression through art among Filipino youth. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 106–122.