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Uswag Journal:Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

Print - ISSN : 2984-8946; Web - ISSN: 2984-8954

Published by:

Catanduanes State University

Calatagan Virac, Catanduanes, Philippines 4800
Website: https://catsu.edu.ph/
Journal’s Website: https://catsu.edu.ph/uswag
Email address: rds@catsu.edu.ph
Indexed in:

Uswag Journal:

Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

I - Description

The Journal's short name "Uswag Journal" which literally means development and/or progress in the field of research is the official research journal of Catanduanes State University. The journal publishes scientific articles which have the potential to grow and evolve into significant advancement on various disciplines.

Thus, the Uswag Journal: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research is committed to advancing knowledge across a wide range of disciplines by publishing high-quality and peer-reviewed research articles, reviews and commentaries. The journal entries are primarily scholarly outputs of the faculty researchers and staff from the different colleges and units of the institution.

The journal welcomes submission from all areas of science and social sciences, and as well as interdisciplinary research that crosses traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal is interested in research, development and innovation that uses novel approaches, techniques and methods from various disciplines towards local, national and global progress and development. The journal is reviewed by internal and external researchers and is published semi-annually.




Volume 2 Number 1, 2024

Preliminary Pages






Ang Kuwento ng Pag-iibigan nina Kurakog at Kalarab: Pagsusuri sa mga Naratibo ng mga Bagamanocnon Kaugnay ng Ilihan Point


Ma. Sofia S. Llaguno and Jovert R. Balunsay


Abstract:
Sadyang mayaman sa samot-saring panitikan ang mga rehiyon sa bansa. Sa papel na ito, nilikom at sinuri ng mga mananaliksik ang hinggil sa mga naratibong kaugnay ng Ilihan Point. Gamit ang pakikipanayam, transkripsiyon at pagsusuri ay inalam ng mga mananaliksik ang iba’t ibang danas, istorya, at historya ng mga Bagamanocnon kaugnay ng Ilihan. Sentro ng pagsusuri ang pag-alam sa mga umiiral na paksa, pagpapahalaga, at aspektong kultural na nahango sa mga naratibo. At dahil dito ay napag-alaman ng mga mananaliksik na ang paksang umiiral sa mga naratibo ay tungkol sa kalikasan, mga supernatural na nilalang, at marami pang iba. Pinakamaraming nahangong pagpapahalaga sa mga naratibo ay ang katatagan. Samantala, napagtanto ring repleksiyon ng paniniwala, kaugalian, at tradisyon ang nasabing mga akda. Ito ang nagbunsod sa mga mananaliksik upang imungkahing gawing dagdag na suplimentaryong kagamitang panturo ang mga nalikom na naratibo.

Cite this article:
Llaguno, M.S., & Balunsay, J.R. (2024). Ang kuwento ng pag-iibigan nina Kurakog at Kalarab: Pagsusuri sa mga naratibo ng mga Bagamanocnon kaugnay ng Ilihan Point. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 5–17.




Perceptions of Language Assessment Literacy Among SUC English Language Educators in a Flexible Learning Environment


Jimmylen Z. Tonio, Romeleen S. Go-Vela and Ma. Sofia S. Llaguno


Abstract:
The sudden shift to flexible learning due to COVID-19 necessitated a reevaluation of assessment practices in higher education. This study explored State Universities and Colleges' (SUCs) English Language Educators' (ELEs) perceptions of their Language Assessment Literacy (LAL) within flexible learning environments. Employing a quantitative approach, a questionnaire adapted from Grialdo's (2018) LAL checklist was used. Frequency analysis of data collected from SUC ELEs examined their perceptions across various LAL domains. Thirty (30) SUC ELEs were chosen to participate in the study using non-probability sampling, specifically purposive-convenience sampling. They answered yes/no questions about their knowledge, skills, and ethical considerations related to assessment. Findings revealed a strong foundation in knowledge related to applied linguistics and assessment theory among SUC ELEs. They emphasized diverse and formative assessment practices, prioritizing ethical considerations. However, variability existed in data analysis skills, and not all participants utilized advanced statistical software. However, the study relied on self-reported perceptions, potentially not reflecting actual practices. Additionally, using a single model (Giraldo's) might limit capturing the full range of LAL skills. Finally, focusing on SUC ELEs in the Philippines restricts generalizability to other educational contexts. Despite these limitations, the study suggests a generally strong foundation in LAL among SUC ELEs. This study highlights the overall strength of LAL among SUC ELEs, particularly in knowledge and ethical considerations. It also identifies areas for development in advanced data analysis and technology integration for assessment design and interpretation. These findings inform the need for targeted professional development programs to further enhance SUC ELEs' LAL and empower them to design effective assessments in flexible learning environments.

Cite this article:
Tonio, J.Z., Go-Vela, R.S., & Llaguno, M.S. (2024). Perceptions of language assessment literacy among SUC English Language Educators in a flexible learning environment. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 18–27.




Moving on in the New Normal: A Mixed Methods Study Among Men and Women in the Teaching Profession


Rosana S. Abundo


Abstract:
Teaching as a profession is about inspiring and motivating students to realize and exceed their potential, hence the greatest teachers have devoted their lives in inspiring and empowering their students to become good human beings. Nevertheless, men and women in the teaching profession are challenged with the various functions they have to perform especially during the new normal landscape in education, hence motivation to work is at stake. This sequential explanatory mixed methods study delved into the work motivation of 119 men and women in the Catanduanes State University. The quantitative results revealed a high level of motivation along aspects of self-determination theory but with no significant difference between the sexes. Moreover, qualitative results specifically capture the experiences of the men and women in the teaching profession. They are motivated by their innate drive for teaching, drive for comfort and security as well as drive for competence. Both the results of the two phases of the study characterized work motivation to be highly considered in policy formulation and management planning of the university. Mixing the quantitative and qualitative results recommends that the findings may be highly considered in the policy formulation and management planning of the university along faculty development.

Cite this article:
Abundo, R.S. (2024). Moving on in the new normal: A mixed methods study among men and women in the teaching profession. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 28–36.




Module on Historical Sites and Structures in Bicol Region: Development and Evaluation


Amy Tud-Moraña


Abstract:
This developmental research aimed to develop and evaluate module on historical sites and structures in Bicol region using the sociocognitive-transformative materials design model for utilization of GEC students in the course “Mga Babasahin Hinggil sa Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas” specifically in HEIs in Bicol Region. Further, it was undertaken to respond to the need for development of materials in Filipino in the General Education courses under the New General Education Curriculum in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), to support the research agenda on development and preservation of Bicol identity and culture, and to carry out the mandate of Commission on Higher Education (CHED) as stated in the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009 and the Constitution. The development and evaluation of the module undergone design, development, evaluation and revision phases. Findings revealed that the developed and evaluated module passed all the criteria of evaluation of print materials as shown in the overall mean scores on content, format, presentation and organization and on the accuracy and up-to-datedness of information as evaluated by practitioner-evaluators. Since the module anchored its pedagogical principles and concepts on socio-cognitive perspectives and transformative learning, the abstract learning theory was translated into specific teaching-learning process to bridge theory and practice. From the data analysis results, it can be deduced that the researcher-made module can be a very good supplementary learner’s material in regional/local history and can be adapted for use in General Education course. It is further recommended for copyright, publication and production.

Cite this article:
Moraña, A.T. (2024). Module on historical sites and structures in Bicol Region: Development and evaluation. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 37–45.




Courtship Practices in Catanduanes, Philippines


Joseph G. Zafe, Maricel S. Cariaso, Dennis T. Teves and Reimarl M. Fuentebella


Abstract:
This qualitative research aimed to determine the courtship practices in Catanduanes by exploring the values, activities, communication methods, and challenges encountered by different generations during courtship. The study identified three phases of courtship: attraction, comfort and trust, and seduction. Findings revealed that personality traits such as kindness, courtesy, respect, humor, responsibility, sweetness, and caring, as well as physical attractiveness, play significant roles in mutual attraction. Comfort and trust were built through activities like gift-giving, socialization, getting to know each other, acts of service, traditional serenades ("Harana"), and bridging. Intimacy was fostered through seduction activities such as holding hands, hugging, cuddling, kissing, and sexual intercourse. The transition between traditional and modern communication methods reflected local norms and beliefs. Challenges in courtship included jealousy, third-party involvement, and financial and health issues. The study recommends further research on courtship evolution, married life, and parenting styles in Catanduanes, suggesting their inclusion in the school curriculum to strengthen family foundations and promote community harmony.

Cite this article:
Zafe, J.G., Cariaso, M.S., Teves, D.T., & Fuentebella, R.M. (2024). Courtship practices in Catanduanes, Philippines. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 46–57.




Belief, Faith, and Religion Amidst the Pandemic: The Experiences and Religious Status of Filipino Senior Citizens During the Community Quarantine


Dreamelyn V. Ragasa, Inero V. Ancho, Sue Liza C. Saguiguit, Helga P. Vergara and Daisy V. Pelegrina


Abstract:
The suspension of religious activities during the community quarantine had significant impacts on various religious groups, particularly vulnerable populations such as senior citizens. This study aimed to examine the effects of the quarantine on the religious status of Filipino senior citizens. Using a qualitative research design, specifically a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, the researchers conducted in-depth interviews with seven senior citizens selected through convenience sampling. The interviews utilized open-ended questions and thematic analysis was employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of each participant's religious experiences. The findings revealed that although the seniors faced stringent protocols and limitations due to their age, their religious affiliations remained unaffected, and their faith became stronger and more profound. The study also highlighted their reliance on God during this challenging time and their longing for companionship. The study recommends the implementation of a weekly gathering specifically for senior citizens to enhance their social and physical well-being to address the unique needs of seniors and provide them with support and companionship within their religious community.

Cite this article:
Ragasa, D.V., Ancho, I.V., Saguiguit, S.L.C., Vergara, H.P., & Pelegrina D.V. (2024). Belief, faith, and religion amidst the pandemic: The experiences and religious status of Filipino Senior Citizens during the community quarantine. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 58-71.

Volume 1 Number 2, 2023

Preliminary Pages






Performance of Different Foundation Rice Varieties at Panganiban, Catanduanes


Eduardo D. Peña


Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted which consisted of four (4) foundation rice varieties as treatments replicated four (4) times in an experimental lot measuring 30 by 15 m using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) to evaluate the performance of the different foundation rice varieties based on the agro-morphological characteristics at Panganiban, Catanduanes during the 2020/2021 cropping season. Results revealed that the different foundation rice seed varieties were significantly different in terms of their agro-morphological performance in response to the prevailing weather pattern during the cropping season. Foundation rice seed variety NSIC Rc 242 produced the highest yield, tallest plant height, few missing hills, and the most significant number of grains per panicle. Variety NSIC Rc 400 gave the most significant number of tillers and the longest panicle. The highest number of productive tillers was noted on NSIC Rc 15. The NSIC Rc 438 yielded the highest percentage of filled grains and the earliest maturity. Analysis of variance for the different agro-morphological characteristics indicated significant mean differences in plant height (F=6.59 and p<0.05), tillering capacity (F=19.68 and p<0.05), length of panicle (F=18.70 and p<0.05), number of grains/panicle (F=6.71 and p<0.05), and percentage of filled grains (F=10.35 and p<0.05). Grain yield, missing hills per plot, and the number of productive tillers were similar among treatments. NSIC Rc 242, being the highest yielder, tallest height, few missing hills, and greatest number of grains per panicle is highly recommended for adoption at Panganiban, Catanduanes prevailing weather pattern.

Cite this article:
Peña, E.P. (2023). Performance of Different Foundation Rice Varieties at Panganiban, Catanduanes. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(2), 6–12.




Wikang Filipino sa Panahon ng Krisis: Ang Leksikograpiya ng mga Terminolohiyang Kaugnay ng COVID-19 sa Pilipinas


Jovert R. Balunsay and Susan M. Tindugan


Abstract:
Patuloy pa ring nadarama ng mundo ang naging epekto nang nagdaang pandemyang COVID-19. Halos lahat ng sektor ng lipunan ay apektado nito. Umabot sa milyon-milyong tao ang nagkasakit, nahawahan, at namatay. Marami na ring negosyo ang nagsara, nagbukas, at muling nalugi dahil sa mga patakarang pangkapaligiran. Sa kabila ng lahat ng ito, sadyang marami pa rin ang may salat na kaalaman sa pandemya, kung paano ito maiiwasan, at kung paano ito mapaglalabanan. Sa papel na ito, sinikap tuklasin ng mga mananaliksik ang mga terminolohiyang umusbong, ginamit, kaugnay, at maididikit sa pandemya at binigyan ito ng kahulugan sa wikang Filipino. Sa ganitong paraan, naniniwala ang mga mananaliksik na mas mailalapit sa masa ang mga leksiyong turo ng pandemya. Batay sa matiim na pangangalap ng datos, nalikom ang 940 mga pananalita na mula sa 20 magkakaibang dominyo mula sa medisina, agham, hanggang sa edukasyon, sosyolohiya, musika, at marami pang iba. Bawat salita ay sinuri ang kinabibilangang bahagi ng panalita at paraan ng pagkakabuo na humantong sa mga may-akda upang mabuo ang COVIDIKSIYONARYO na siyang awtput ng pag-aaral na ito.

Cite this article:
Balunsay, J.R., & Tindugan, S.M. (2023). Wikang Filipino sa panahon ng krisis: Ang leksikograpiya ng mga terminolohiyang kaugnay ng COVID-19 sa Pilipinas. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(2), 13-35.




Proactive Resilience: How Catandunganons Prepare to Face Up a Super Typhoon’s Fury


Ramon Felipe A. Sarmiento, Joel Jordan, Ma. Nena T. Vital and Maricel S. Cariaso


Abstract:
Using a combination of research methods, this study aimed to 1) describe the lived experience of the survivors of super typhoon Rolly (with international name “Goni”) in Catanduanes in terms of their preparations; 2) reconstruct their worldview regarding typhoons and preparation practices in dealing with them; and 3) identify policy implications as indicated by the lived experiences. Specifically, this investigation used case-study approach to capture the lived experiences and network analysis to describe the refuge-seeking behavior. Findings indicate that the survivors faced typhoon Rolly according to what may be called a “culture of resiliency” cultivated through many previous experiences of typhoons. It is comprising of 1) a worldview that takes typhoons as integral part of reality that constantly shape their lives, an attitude of acceptance and facing up to its challenges; and 2) a set of proven practices in mitigating its impact, including the use of social capital of informal network for refuge-seeking and accessing resources for basic necessities for survival and building back to normalcy. A salient character of the Catandunganons’ enterprise of disaster mitigation is its social class dimension: dealing with typhoons is differentiated according to the divide between the “haves” and the “have-nots.” Findings too imply on policy formation by the institutionalized stakeholders such as the local government. Basically, it is suggested that planning for disaster mitigating must be based on the assumption that the people have indigenous knowledge and resources in effective dealing with the impact of typhoons. Among other recommendations, it is specifically desirable to (1) make “ayuda” to be more proactive to include the giving out of goods for anticipatory buttressing of houses and other preparatory measures; (2) create building technologies that also target those of modest means.

Cite this article:
Sarmiento, R.F.A., Jordan, J., Vital, M.N.T., & Cariaso, M.S. (2023). Proactive resilience: How Catandunganons prepare to face up a Super Typhoon’s fury. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(2), 36-48.




Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of the Coastal Communities in Southern Catanduanes Island, Philippines


Ricardo V. Arcilla Jr. and Ma. Cecilia T. Arcilla


Abstract:
This paper aims to provide data about the sources of vulnerability of coastal communities in Southern Catanduanes Island, particularly in its capital town Virac, especially to immediate, acute impacts of climate change (e.g., storm surge, ocean warming, etc.). A participatory assessment of the vulnerability of coastal communities was conducted using the Integrated Coastal Sensitivity, Exposure and Adaptive Capacity for Climate Change (I-C-Sea Change) tool. This tool was used to gather data based on a series of scoring rubrics intended to provide scores for sensitivity and lack of adaptive capacity particularly for coastal habitats like corals, seagrass and mangroves along with fisheries and coastal integrity. Scores for the sensitivity and LAC were then weighed against a threat or exposure to climate-related impacts based on existing projections. A total of 20 coastal communities/barangays were covered. Results showed that in terms of sensitivity, 18 out of 20 coastal communities scored moderate while two (2) out of 20 coastal communities scored low. Moderate scores are attributable to several factors like the condition of the coastal habitats, dependence on fisheries and coastal integrity. The low scores for the two coastal communities of Palnab del Sur and Palnab del Norte is associated with the good condition of its corals, seagrass and mangroves as well as the low dependence on fishery and the present condition of the coastline. In terms of LAC scores, all coastal communities scored moderate. Although other areas reported the absence of key coastal habitats like mangroves or seagrass, it is compensated by other indicators of adaptive capacity like human activity (no land conversion and deviation from approved CLUP), education, as well as the presence of a marine protected area/fish sanctuary in four (4) of the 20 barangays namely Magnesia del Sur, Magnesia del Norte, Marilima and Batag. Exposure score is moderate for sea surface temperature and wave exposure index, and high for sea surface height based on climate change projections since no site-specific data are available. Overall, the vulnerability to climate change impacts of the coastal communities in Southern Catanduanes, particularly its capital town of Virac, is moderate implying that these coastal communities are somehow vulnerable to climate change impacts and immediate actions to mitigate these impacts are imperative. The use of the I-C-Sea Change Tool provided initial profile of the vulnerabilities of the coastal communities which can be used as guide for decision making and prioritization of areas and actions.

Cite this article:
Arcilla, R.V., & Arcilla, M.C.T. (2023). Climate change vulnerability assessment of the coastal communities in Southern Catanduanes Island, Philippines. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(2), 49-59.




Documentation and Analysis of “Catanduanes Beloved:” Towards Building Catandungan Music Identity and Pedagogical Recommendations


Jose Z. Tria


Abstract:
The music of Catanduanes is a rich and diverse collection of borrowed and unique styles, reflecting the cultural and artistic experiences of its people. This study aims to document the official hymn of Catanduanes, "Catanduanes Beloved" or "Inang Catandungan," and analyze its rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic structure, providing unique musical characteristics. The lyrics, written by Macario Arcilla, and the melody, originating from old recollections of the Catandungan community, relate directly and indirectly to the geographical, historical, and philosophical function of the song. The findings of the study revealed that the song uses a combination of quarters, eighths, dotted eighths, and sixteenth notes, evoking the feel of a habanera or danza style in its rhythmic element. The melody ranges one and a half octaves and has a simple, child-like ambiance, combining the notes of the major scale with the occasional use of accidentals. The harmonic structure of the song evokes the major tonality, utilizing chords such as the tonic, sub-dominant, and dominant, with the added taste of a dominant seventh and raised tonic note. Although the music was influenced by the Spaniards, its message demonstrates aspects of Catandungan life. Pedagogical recommendations were identified, as this constitutes an avenue for music education and a vehicle for cultural continuity. Through the lens of "Catanduanes Beloved" or "Inang Catandungan," which is the official hymn of Catanduanes, this analysis helps to create a sense of identity for the Catandunganon, as well as for Bicolanos and Filipinos in general.

Cite this article:
Tria, J.Z. (2023). Documentation and analysis of “Catanduanes Beloved:” Towards building Catandungan music identity and pedagogical recommendations. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(2), 60-71.
Volume 1 Number 1, 2023

Preliminary Pages






DSS for client satisfaction survey feedback for the University’s service delivery improvement


Belen M. Tapado, John Gregory M. Bola, Erickson T. Salazar, Zcel T. Tablizo


Abstract:
Globalization of products and services demands improvement of an organization’s performance. Along with product and service delivery improvement challenges, companies need to focus not only on meeting customer expectations but also on surpassing them. As such, valuing the opinions of customers, giving the best customer experience, and measuring customer satisfaction are deemed vital not just for the company’s survival but also for gaining a competitive edge in the wired communities. It is because of these premises that the Client Satisfaction Survey Feedback system was developed in this study. The results of the Client Satisfaction Survey from School Year 2015-2016 to School Year 2020-2021 were captured and keyed, interpretations were provided, and actions for the improvement of service delivery for each department in this university were recommended by the system through the employment of Decision Support System technic. The system developed was a browser-based application which means that software and technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript were used for the frontend development, MySQL and PHP for the backend, and Apache as the local server of the system. Software Testing Standards specified under ISO/IEC 9126 which are functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability were the parameters employed to evaluate the system. Technical experts and end users evaluated the system as “Excellent” which means that they believe that the developed system would be beneficial for use in the university.

Cite this article:
Tapado, B. M., Bola, J. G. M., Salazar, E. T., & Tablizo, Z. T. (2023). DSS for client satisfaction survey feedback for the University’s service delivery improvement. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 6–15.




Phenotypic characterization of Philippine native carabao (Bubalus bubalis carabanensis), its utilization, management practices, and problems met in Northeast Catanduanes, Philippines


Ramon F. Samonte


Abstract:
This study aimed to conserve the Philippine native carabao's adaptability with resilient traits to diseases and environmental elements focused on ensuring food security and income for small-scale carabao farmers. A total of sixty (60) carabaos were characterized which comprised of thirty (30) carabulls and thirty (30) caracows, and sixty (60) carabao farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire randomly. Assessing the qualitative characteristics of the samples, findings showed that carabaos in the Viga, Bagamanoc and Panganiban were predominantly native (78.33%) and upgraded (21.37%). These carabaos were found have 457.2 kg body weight, 182.4 cm heart girth,138.3cm shoulder height, 149.0 cm body length, 70.4 cm tail length, 44.3 cm length of head 25.3 cm width of the head and 138.1 cm height of hips, on the average. Thus, a standard error (SE) of more than 0.5 showed a close relationship between the variance and manifest inbreeding. Moreover, these carabaos were commonly used in land preparation and as source of food for human consumption (carabeef), singly or both, while rarely as source of milk. Recordkeeping (60%), tethering (90%), deworming (68.3%), vaccination (70%), provision of housing or shed (75%), and branding (58.3%) were found adopted by farmers interviewed. Likewise, five problems were met namely indiscriminate age of slaughtering, weak carabao dispersal program, diseases, lack of farmer contact with extension workers, and lack of pasture due to land conversion. Based on the findings of this study, introduction of purebred stock, adoption of improved modified management practices, more linkages with academic, and funding institutions, and a "Model Carabao Farmer" scheme to entice younger generation into carabao production are recommended.

Cite this article:
Samonte, R. F. (2023). Phenotypic characterization of Philippine native carabao (Bubalus bubalis carabanensis), its utilization, management practices, and problems met in Northeast Catanduanes, Philippines. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 16–25.




Rice farming in Catanduanes during the COVID-19 pandemic


Nicca Aira A. Marquez, Fe M. Valledor


Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected the agricultural food system in the Philippines and abroad. This study focused on describing the status of rice farming in Catanduanes before and during the pandemic in four aspects namely production, post-harvest activities, marketing, and government intervention, and determining the perceived immediate impact of the pandemic on rice farming in the province. One-hundred thirty (130) rice farmers from all 11 municipalities were considered as the respondents of the study, which covers the first and second cropping of 2019 and 2020. Respondents of this study were mostly male tenants cultivating an average size of 1.375 ha of land with less than PHP 5,000.00 monthly income, while 50% of them are members of farmers’ or irrigators’ associations. The results of the study described that rice production during the pandemic was not hampered due to the lockdown since farmers’ mobility was not restricted. However, production costs changed due to the increased labor and fertilizer costs. Post-harvest costs also increased due to the increase in rice milling and transportation rental. The price of well-milled rice per kg and the number of bags of well-milled rice sold by farmers also increased during the pandemic. On the other hand, the government intensified the provision of free fertilizer and seeds to address the increasing cost of farm inputs. Although the conduct of training and techno-demo were limited during the pandemic, ATI in collaboration with local authorities made a way to provide online techno-gabay programs to farmers. The higher cost of transportation is perceived to be the most influencing effect caused by Covid-19 that affects rice farming in Catanduanes. It was observed that members of the farmers’ associations are informed of the projects and programs of the Department of Agriculture and can acquire production input support for their farms. This study emphasizes the empirical role of community organizations in these times of crisis.

Cite this article:
Marquez, N. A. A., & Valledor, F. M. (2023). Rice farming in Catanduanes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 26–33.




Propayl at kakayahang pampananaliksik ng mga guro sa Senior High School, Dibisyon ng Catanduanes: Isang panimulang pagsipat tungo sa pagbuo ng mungkahing gawaing pang-ekstensyon


Jaime T. Amante Jr.


Abstract:
Hindi matatawaran ang ambag o benepisyong dulot ng pananaliksik sa lahat ng larangan. Sa edukasyon, ang pananaliksik ang itinuturing na pundasyon ng mga bagong kaalamang inilalapat sa pagtuturo, pagsasagawa ng ekstensyon at produksiyon. Bunga ng patuloy na panawagan ng DepEd sa kaguruan na makiisa at makilahok sa gawaing pananaliksik, isinagawa ang pag-aaral na ito. Layunin nitong alamin ang estado at kakayahang pampananaliksik ng mga gurong nagtuturo ng kursong may kaugnayan sa pananaliksik sa antas senior high. Ang mga natuklasang datos ang ginawang batayan ng pagbuo ng mungkahing pang-ekstensyon. Sa pamamagitan nito, matutulungan silang matugunan ang mga suliraning kinakaharap sa gawaing pananaliksik. Natuklasan sa ginawang pag-aaral na katamtaman ang antas ng kanilang kakayahang pampananaliksik. Isang serye ng palihan sa pananaliksik ang mungkahing gawaing pang-ekstensyon na nabuo kaugnay ng pag-aaral na ito.

Cite this article:
Amante Jr., J. T. (2023). Propayl at kakayahang pampananaliksik ng mga guro sa Senior High School, Dibisyon ng Catanduanes: Isang panimulang pagsipat tungo sa pagbuo ng mungkahing gawaing pang-ekstensyon. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 34–52.




Pananalinghaga sa mga kontemporanyong tulang Bikolnon tuon sa mga paskil na tigsik ni Engr. Abdon B. Balde Jr.


Jovert R. Balunsay, Jaime T. Amante Jr.


Abstract:
Ang pagtitigsik ay isa sa mga tradisyonal na panitikan ng mga Bikolano. Mayaman ito sa mga aspektong kultural dahil masasalamin dito ang mga kaugalian at paniniwala ng mga Bikolano. Sa papel na ito, mabusising sinuri ng mga mananaliksik ang 267 paskil na tigsik ni Engr. Abdon B. Balde Jr. at hinango sa mga ito ang samot-saring matatalinghagang pahayag kagaya ng mga idyoma at tayutay. Nagbigay din ng pagpapakahulugan ang mga mananaliksik sa mga nahangong matatalinghagang pahayag. Bunga nito, ang mga mananaliksik ay nakabuo ng kongklusyong, ang mga tigsik ni Balde ay mabisang hanguan ng mga matatalinghagang pahayag at isa sa mga paraan upang mapalaganap ang kasiningan sa ganitong uri at anyo ng pagtula.

Cite this article:
Balunsay, J. R., & Amante Jr., J. T. (2023). Pananalinghaga sa mga kontemporanyong tulang Bikolnon tuon sa mga paskil na tigsik ni Engr. Abdon B. Balde Jr. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 53–81.




Self-efficacy and academic performance of Intermediate Pupils at CatSU Laboratory Schools under the blended learning approach


Sarah Jane G. Triumfante


Abstract:
This study sought to determine the level of self-efficacy and academic performance of intermediate pupils at the Catanduanes State Uuniversity Laboratory Schools under blended learning approach. It employed the descriptive-correlational method of research, utilizing the questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument. General weighted average for the previous school year was used to determine the academic performance of the pupils. There were 92 intermediate pupils involved in the study. The study revealed that (1) the majority of the respondents are female, 28 are in Grade 4, and 32 are in Grades 5 and 6, (2) the academic performance of the pupils is very satisfactory, (3) the level of self-efficacy of the pupils is generally high, (4) there is a moderate relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance of the pupils, and (5) there is no significant difference in self-efficacy and the academic performance among the pupils in terms of sex and grade level. The study recommended that (1) faculty members should embed to the learners the strategy instruction in each areas of learning, (2) faculty members should also set high and clear expectations for a quality work, (3) parents must create at home an atmosphere where their children would feel that they are supported, and (4) the school administration can provide e-classrooms, interactive classrooms, and a variety of learning resources that will cater holistic development and develop full potentials among learners.

Cite this article:
Triumfante, S. J. G. (2023). Self-efficacy and academic performance of Intermediate Pupils at CatSU Laboratory Schools under the blended learning approach. Uswag: Philippine Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 82–94.

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